Horn
Relief Organization
CAMEL CARAVAN RESEARCH REPORT
Conducted in the
area around El-buh village of eastern Snag region
Period: 10 June to 12 July 2002
Contents:
Topics
1-
Glossary
of the words
2-
Executive
Summary
3-
Research
about livestock marketing.
4-
Research
about mange disease.
5-
Research about problems brought by the
environmental degradation the eastern Sanag region.
6-
Research
about the effect of the Somali livestock export ban to rural community eastern
Sanag region.
7-
Research
about coping for the difficult time.
8-
Research about preparation for the
droughts.
Glossary
of Words:
1-
Beeyo:
type of the frankincense disease
2-
Maydi:
3-
Fooh:
4-
Falah
falah:
5-
Iid
= Islamic holidays
6-
Gogobe
= wild tree
7-
Dacar = ilo tree
8-
Cai
booye = wild tree
9-
Heeli
= wild tree which
produce edible fruits
10- Mudhcanyo
11- Rooxo =
12- Daray =
10-
Berde =
11-
Gob =
12-
Dhafaruur
13-
Qobco
= fruit of
some trees
14-
Dhimbil =
15-
Masada
= mall wild animal clamp up
the tree and
start hibernation during the drought
16-
Dirir
=
Star
Executive
Summary
Here
is the outcome of the camel caravan research conducted in the area around
El-buh village of eastern Sanag region- Somalia. The camel caravan research is an annual research made by
horn relief organization to the eastern Sanag region in order to get information
for certain issues having great importance for the development of the rural
community.
The
research is under the pastoral youth leadership (PYL) program implementing by
Horn Relief Organization in order to improve the Knowledge of the rural community
specially the leadership and the good governance of the rural youth.
During
the research the participants were
walking using male camel to
transport their requirement like food, water, tents, human and animal drugs and other requirements. The participants were meeting and interviewing the rural
people to their homes, under tree and were ever possible.
The
participants of the research were students selected from the schools of Dhahar,
Hingalool and El-buh of pastoral youth leadership network. The duration of the research was 20
days between 10 June and 12 July 2002.
After
the collection of data, analyzes were made to the information. The outcome of
the research analyze and other related information about the methodology used
for data collection, planning, data collection, lessons learned, suggestions
and the suggested future analyze are presented here.
The
topics of the research was:
v
Livestock
marketing
v
Environmental
degradation and related problems
v
The
effect of Somali livestock export ban to the rural population of eastern Sanag
v
The
Mange disease
v
Drought
Preparness
v
Coping
machanisam.
Introduction
about Somalia
Somalia lies horn of Africa and its population are 100%
Muslim. It is a member of international organizations, such as Arab league , Organization of African
Unity (OAU) and organization of Islamic conference(OIC). The eastern
side of the country is surrounded by the Indian Ocean and its north is filled
by the red sea. The western and southern side of the country has borders with
Djibouti Ethiopia and Kenya. Somalia has the largest sea shore for all African
countries and its population are estimated 10 Million.70% of these people are
pastor lists who rear livestock of
different kinds such as camel, Cattle, Sheep and Goats, Donkeys and Horses.
Somalia mostly is semi arid but the two
rivers of Juba and Shabelle run the southern part of the country. Plains around
the rivers are good for farming and grown for different types of crops such as
Maize, Sorghum, Beans, Sesame, Banana, Papaya and many others.
The
Somali country was colonel zed by the British (Northern part) and the Italian
(Southern part). Both parties got their independent on 1960 and unite and form
republic of Somalia. On 1969, the military leading by Gen. Mohamed Siyad Barre
engulfed the leadership of the government. They were ruling the country till
1990.
At
the end of 1970s and 1980s the is emerged by fractions based on clans who
finally cause the collapse of Somali central government on January 1991.
Immediately after the collapse, civil war leading by warlords started. The
warlords failed to restore the peace and stability in the country and form
central government. Some of the regions of the country form regional
governments (states).
Introduction
about eastern Sanag Region
Eastern
Sanag is located 10km west of bosaso tarmac road, Bari region of punt land
state of Somalia. It was part of the country that was colonized by the British. The regions land
composed of seashores, mountains along red sea coast and plains called Sool and Haded. 70% of the regions
population are pastor lists rearing livestock including sheep, goats, Camel,
Cattle Donkeys and Horses, first is important and so on.
The
rest of the population of the region is fishers, Business and some who are
laborer of different activities. The regions natural resources include
frankincense of different kinds such as Beyo, Maydi, Fooh and Falah falah.
The
region has long history of civilization and was having great history of business
to Arab countries, India and others. The people also have a well-respected
cultural leadership.
After
the collapse of the Somali central government, the region did not get any
assistance from international organizations, there is no agencies representing
them who operating the area.
Horn relief is only NGO who is working
in the region. HR activities mainly involves on areas about environmental conservation, education and water. So far
activities done by the NGO include:
Ø
Re-starting
(make functioning) of the Buran Rural Institute (BRI).
Ø
Construction
of water rock dams.
Ø
And
water installation in Buran and El-buh villages,
The
beneficiaries of these projects are the most vulnerable and needy people who
are mainly women and children.
Horn Relief Organization
Pastoral
youth leadership
Camel
caravan research report
Sub:
research about livestock marketing
________________________________
We
are hereby forwarding the research report, which was conducted the area between
Hingalol and El-buh villages of eastern Snag region of Somalia which mostly
pastoral households are concentrated. Participants of the caravan research were
from El-buh, Dhahar and Hingalol schools, which are part of pastoral youth leadership
(PYL) network. The researchers used camel to carry on their material
requirements such as food, water,
equipment and livestock and human drugs.
Methodology
The
methodology of the data collection was personal interview, focus group
discussion and observation.
Concerned
people
The Interviewed and
concerned people was the rural community around El-buh village of eastern Sanag
region which was 60 persons in number composing of:
a)
Aged
men of the age between 55-79 years.
b)
Aged
women of the age between 40-70 years.
c)
Middle
aged men of the age between 30-45 years.
d)
Middle
aged women of the age between 25-45 years of age.
Planning
Before
we start the research we have planed the following:
1-
The
people we will interview male and female and their number
2-
The
time and the place interview
3-
The
questions we will ask for.
Data
collection
After
the plan we have started the data collection about livestock marking for the
rural communities in eastern Sanag region of Somalia.
The
people give us many answers about livestock marketing.
They
mostly told us that the lack of market of the livestock highly affected the
rural community who met problems about malnutrition.
Data
analyses
When
we analyze the answers of the people about livestock marketing we found that
the lack of marketing cause the people to sell or slaughter the female
livestock specially the pregnant camel, sheep and goat.
46
persons of the 60 persons interviewed composing of men of the age between 35-
64 years and women of the age between 20- 39 years.
Agreed
the answer of the first question which was( do you have plan for livestock
marketing). Saying that they have
plan. They said that they plan their livestock for those suitable to be
marketed and those not, to look for market for those suitable like mature male.
The
analyze of the second question show that the rural community have marketing
skills to sell their livestock to the highest price. For example, they send
their livestock to market when the market price increase. One other example is
that their protect the female to get pregnant by keeping away the males in
order the female to became fat, that can be sold to higher price. 54 of persons
of the people interviewed Composing of men of the age between 23-62 years and
women of the age between 19-75 years, agreed this answers.
When
we analyze the third question we found that the higher price of the livestock
are found at the two eides and hot period. The reason is that the livestock
demand from Oman, and UAE and the big and of Somalia increases the two Eids.
during the hot dry periods most of rural people are in move looking for pasture
and they did not get time to market their livestock. The answer of third
question is agreed by 50 persons of the
people interview of 60 persons composing of the women of the age between
25-47 years and men of the age between 26-51 years of age.
Conclusion
After
we analyze almost the similar answers from the people and our observation we
understand lot about the livestock marketing and how the rural community plan their livestock for marketing.
Their response mostly was that they have plan for their marketing. This plan is
that they separate their livestock for those suitable to be marketed and those
not.
Constraints
We
met the following constraints:
1-
Tick
which we did not see before bite us
2-
Water
shortage
3-
Long
trip
4-
Some
people did not response because they dont have time for us and did not
understand the meaning of the research.
Lessons learned
The
lessons learned from the research were:
a)
How
animal are slaughtered.
b)
How
to load the camels
c)
We
learn area that we dont see before.
d)
We
learn people that we dont know before.
Suggestions
We
are suggesting looking for market for the livestock of the rural community, in
order the rural people to satisfy their needs.
Future research
We
are suggesting making to future analyzing for the livestock marketing in
order to get extra information
and new markets and to struggle
how the pan can be taken from export of the Somali livestock.
Short note
Short
note from the researchers.
The
research completed smoothly. It is also required to continue such kind of
research to found the real information of the rural community.
The
researchers were the following.
1-
Hawa
Ahmed Mohed - assistant
2-
Ikraan
mohed Jibrell -
3-
Ahmed
Muse Ahmed -
4-
A/
nasir A/lahi Jama -
Horn Relief Organization
Promotion of youth leadership
Camel caravan research report
________________________________________
Sub:
research about mange disease
Here
is the camel caravan research report conducted by the intermediate schools of
dhahar district, Hingalool and El buh villages of eastern Sanag region. The
activity was research and data collection made in the area around El-Buh
village by interviewing the rural community in these area.
Concerned people
The
concerned people of the interview was the rural community in the area around
El- buh village of eastern Sanag region. The people interviewed
were 80 persons composing of 30
aged men of the age between 50-80 years, and 24 aged women of the age between
45-60 years 20 middle aged men of the age between 20-35 years and 14 middle
aged women of the age between 20-35 years.
Methodology
The methodology of the
data collection was personal interview, focus group discussion and observation.
Planning
We
have planed our research activities such the people we will interview, male and
female, their number, their age, the time and place of the interview and
questions we will ask the people.
Data
collection
We have collected the data
asking the people the following questions:
1-
how
do you manage when you see that your animals have mange disease?
2-
Is
there a cultural drug to treat the disease?
3-
How
these drugs help to treat the disease?
50
persons of the interviewed people of 80 persons answer the followings:
1-
when
we see that our livestock have mange disease we isolate them from the healthy ones.
2-
They
also said that there is cultural drugs that can be treated for the mange disease including by Gogobo tree, ilo
tree( dacar) and the sheep and
goat dung.
3-
They
also said that when the Gogobe are fermented it can treat about 80%, the ilo (dacar) can treat
50% and the burned sheep and goat
dung can treat 10%.
Data analyses
When
we analyze the data we found the following:
1-
That
the mange disease is common in eastern sanag region and outbreak of the disease
is the drought and dry periods. The people interviewed, 35 persons of them
agreed that the mange disease affects sheep, goat and camel. 40% of the
interviewed people agreed the mange disease could pass and affect the human
being. 55% of the people
interviewed also agreed that the disease can pass and affect to most of the
animals if contact or touch an affected animal because the disease epidemic.
2-
We
also found that when we analyze the data from the rural community the Gogabe
tree is very important tree for the treatment of mange disease. We asked the 88
persons interviewed how to use the tree when treating the disease and their
response was. 50 of them agreed that the tree is fermented and soup of the meat
is added.
3-
20%
of the interviewed people also agreed that the secretion of the ilo (dacar)
tree can be treated to the mange disease.
4-
We
also found that the mange disease can be treated when sheep and goat during are
burned.
5-
They
also told us that the Ali Boye tree can be also treated to the mange disease.
6-
For
the last days, the people use dipping to treat the mange disease forgetting the
cultural medicines.
Conclusion
The data analyze of the research show that the
mange disease is common to eastern Sanag region and it is outbreak is the
drought period. The disease affects the sheep, goat and camel. The most susceptible
animal is the small malnourished sheep
and goat and every the thin goats.
All the rural community knows well the disease.
The disease reduces the milk and meat production
of the livestock. It also wastes the skin. The disease passes and affects the
human being. It is also chronic to the livestock and if not treated the animal
can die for.
Constraints
We met the following constraints:
1-
The
area of the research was very large
2-
Some
of the people refuse to response because they dont know the meaning of the
research and think it is nothing.
3-
It
was summertime and there was strong Manson wind from southwest with lot of
soil.
4-
The
area surveyed there was thick larvae bite us causing itching.
Conclusion
The
data analyze of the research show that the mange disease is common to the
eastern Sanag region and its outbreak is the drought period. The disease
affects the shouts and the camel. The most susceptible animal for the disease
is the small malnourished shouts and very thin goats. All the rural community knows
well the disease. The disease reduces the milk and meat production of the
livestock and it also wastes the skin. The disease passes and affects the Human
being. It is also chronic to the livestock and if it is not treated the animal
can die for.
80%
40%
20%
15%
Interviewed
people
When we asked our self the reason why men have
more knowledge of the disease than women it become that men travel more than
women.
Therefore women can learn only from their livestock
and it may be possible that the disease may not affect their livestock so
often. But the men while they traveling so often they met other livestock
affected by the disease and learn from it.
Lesson
learned
We learn lot from the following:
1-
How
data can be collected from the rural community.
2-
The
living thing that the mange disease affects and how can be treated.
3-
Many
people that we dont know before.
4-
Area,
which we dont know before.
5-
Walking
very long distance using camel as a transport.
Suggestions
We are suggesting that the rural community to be
given an awareness rising programmers and training about animal health in order
to improve their animal health knowledge.
Future
Analyze
We are suggesting future analyze to be made to the
Gogabe tree and the area it grows most and how it can also help the health of
the human being because some respondents also told us that it could be treated
to the gastric disease of the human being.
The participants of the research was:
1-
Aadan
Mahamed Ali
2-
Omar
Ali Asker
3-
Mohamed
Abdi Huran
4-
Mohamed saciid Yare
Horn Relief Organization
Pastoral youth leadership
Camel caravan research report
__________________________
Sub: research about the problems by the
environment degradation to eastern Sanag region.
Introduction:
The participants of these camel caravan research
report who were from the intermediate schools of Dhahar, Hinaglol, and El-buh
which are the network of pastoral youth leadership (PYL) made the research
between 22 June to 12 July 2002.
The participants conduct the research in the area between El- buh and Hingalol villages of
eastern Sanag region using camel to transport their material requirements. The
information collected by the participants is presented here.
Methodology
The methodology used to collect the data was
personal interview, focus group discussion and observation.
Concerned
people
The target people of the research were the rural
community of eastern sanag region.
Planning
Before we start the research we plan our
activities of the number of people to be interviewed, time and place of the
interview and our material requirements (stationary).
Data collection
When we prepare our requirements we started the
data collection. The questions we
were asking the people was similar meeting the people in their residents, in
their livestock and any other possible places. We were four persons each having
his own duties.
1-
Interviewer
2-
Writer
of the responses
3-
One
assistant and
4-
One
person for the observation
The question asked for was:
1-
What
are the causes of the environmental degradation?
2-
How
the environmental degradation can be prevented?
3-
Is
there ways that the rural people protect the environment?
The total number of people interviewed was 60
people. 20 aged men of above 60 years, 16 women aged women, 14 middle-aged men
and 10 middle aged women.
Data analyze
46 persons (17 aged men, 14 aged women, 6 middle aged women and
middle aged men) of the people interviewed of 60 persons that are 76% of the
interview respond almost similar answer of the same meaning.
When we compare and analyze the responses of the
people of about the cause of the environmental degradation the result was:
o Cutting and burning the
tress and grasses.
o The increase of the
livestock number refusing the land to get opportunity to produce new trees or
reproduces.
o The repeating long drought
periods.
o The business camps made in
the rangelands also cause the environmental degradation.
o The uncountable of roads
that turn in to gullies that water follow for.
o Strong wind collecting the
soil from the area after the trees and the grass are cut.
The answer of the second question, which was: how
the environmental degradation can be prevented is as follows:
80% of the people interviewed said :
Ø
Awareness
rising about the danger of the environmental degradation to be given to the
community.
Ø
To
stop the cutting and burning of the trees and grasses.
Ø
Isolating
the land for years.
Ø
The
livestock to be grassed in different places in order the land to get chance to
rest.
Ø
Establishment
of an army that protect the Environment.
Ø
Construction
of checks dams in the vallies and gullies in order water to be turned to plain
lands.
The people told us that these are no way protected
o the environmental degradation. Only few people told us that they broadcast
the animal wastes and they also construct small check dams. Others said the
trees we want to use (cut) we cut some parts and left some parts in order the
tree to continue its growth.
We have seen in our observation that the
environmental degradation reached to very high limit and still going on
quickly. This brought a wide
area received huge amount of water
not to produce any thing at all
and the whole land is near to be infertile.
Conclusion
We will conclude our research that the rural
community highly recognized that the land is near to turn in to desert and it
is important to prevent it to the highest level that can be prevented.
Constraints
§
There
was very strong wind and we got tired to our trip.
§
The
people who did not understand the meaning of the research who lost us time to
make them understand our purpose. Some of them said give us some of the money
you will earn from the research.
§
Tick
larvae bite us causing itching.
§
We
were not having experience for the research and it take time to understand it.
Suggestions
We
were suggesting the population of the region to carry out steps that can be
prevented the danger of the environmental degradation.
Lessons learned
The
lessons learned from the research:
ό
Researching
skills
ό
Writing
and collection of the data
ό
Culture
and living condition of the rural community
ό
Walking
distance and many people learned.
Future research
In
order to be aware of the situation of the environment it important that Horn
Relief to continue such kind of research about the environment.
Names
of the researchers were:
1-
Mohamed
mahamud Ise
2-
Mohamuod
Abdi Nuur
3-
Moahamoud
Said Salad
4-
Barkhad
Ahmed Jama
Horn Relief Organization
Pastoral youth leadership
Camel Caravan Research Report
_____________________________________________
Sub:
research about the effect of livestock export ban to the
population of eastern Sanag region
We
are hereby presenting research about the effect of Somali livestock export ban
to the rural communities of eastern Sanag region. The research is made by some
of the students of El-buh, Dhahar and Hingalol schools.
The
research were conducted in east and south areas of El-buh village.
Methodology:
The
methodology of data collection was focus group discussion personal interview
and observation.
Concerned people
The
concerned people of the research were the rural communities composing of both
male and female (aged men, aged women, middle aged men and middle aged women)
of the age between 15-85 years of age.
Panning:
Before
we start the research we have made our plan about the people we want to
interview and their age, time and place of the interview, we also plan the
special question of the research that we will ask the people and were as follows:
1-
what
are the problems brought by ban of the livestock export? How the live changed
when the ban and continues drought both happened to the community?
2-
Up
to what level the take off of the
by the united arab emaratis and
oman, helped the community?
3-
What
type of livestock you were selling for the last days?
4-
After
the closure of the livestock market did you seek other markets?
When
we asked the people for the se questions we got much information and we start to analyze it.
Data Analyze
After
the analyzing the responses of the people we found that the ban of the
livestock cause many problems to the communities. These problems include the
restriction of the having requirements and the price of the basic requirements
increase and reduce of the general and special economy.
Some
of the people did not get the basic requirements of the live like food, water
and human and livestock drugs, were others cant buy their other requirements
like cloths, shoes etc. the people told us that the situation is made worse by
continues droughts in which together with livestock ban cause some people to
die for malnutrition. The drought also causes the reduction of the livestock
products like meat, milk butter. This is agreed by 55 persons of the 65 persons
interviewed composing men and women of the age between 15-85 years of age. Most
of the people agreed that the last days they were selling the female livestock
be kept for milk production and reproductions and the male camel trained for
transport. They also told us that they sold the pregnant camel, sleep and goat
and male camel for transport. As very body aware of the Somalis did not sold
their transport till it is serious. 42 persons of the people interviewed that
were 65 in number agree this. They told us that mast of the people did not seek
other sources of income other than livestock because their only knowledge is
livestock keeping. There are many
people in which when they lost all their livestock migrated to the villages and
towns.
10
of the people interviewed composing of middle aged men and middle aged women of
the age between 20-30 years told us that they got income from burning and
cutting of the trees(charcoal) and grasses forced by hunger and malnutrition.
3
persons of the people interviewed told us that they get help from their
relatives in the abroad countries and because of that they did not sold many
animals and they were getting all their requirements.
38
persons interviewed said that the takeover of the emirates and Oman did not
help the price and the livestock market, because the biggest market of the
Somali livestock was Saudi Arabia. The small amount benefited from the ban
takeover is covered by the long drought.
While
we were in the trip we were making observation and we saw that most of the
people are malnourished and are poor in clothing specially the aged people,
lactating women and the pregnant women. The camel was also the most worse of
the whole livestock and were very thin, the reason was the lack of the spring
rain and continues long droughts.
Conclusion
The
research shows that long droughts and the ban of the Somali livestock greatly
affected the rural community and the urbanized people causing many people to be
malnourished. This caused the people not to afford to buy their basic living
requirements such us food, water and human and animal drugs. We also found that
the land has detoriated and the livestock number reduced and the people were
showing malnourished specially the pregnant women, lactating women and aged
people.
Constraints
The
constraints we met include some of the people refused to respond saying that
you will get lot of money on us, and others did not understand the meaning of
the research. Sometimes we also did not get people to interview because we were
coming on empty houses.
Other
constraints were a tick larvae bite us causing itching and impossible to sleep.
There was also strong winds causing to walk for long time..
Suggestion
We
are suggesting to request the world to takeover the ban from the Somali
livestock.
We
are also suggesting the Somalis to look for market for their livestock other
than the Arab countries.
We
are also suggesting the Somalis to improve the husbandry of their livestock
Lessons
learned
1-
How
the rural communities share information.
2-
How
to load the camels
3-
Working
long distance
4-
How
to look food
Future
analyze
We
are suggesting future research to be made the easiest way that the people can
get other sources of income.
The
research is made by:
1.
Hamud
Bashir Abdulahi Head the research
2.
hayat
Ali Mohamed
3.
Samiro
Jma isse
4.
Muhamed
Ali Abdi
Horn Relief Organization
pastoral youth leadership
Camel caravan research
report
________________________________________________
Sub: research about coping with difficult time
Introduction
We are hereby presenting research made by some the
participants of pastoral of youth leadership conducted in the area around
El-buh village of eastern Sanag. The research were conducted while the
researchers were walking using camel to transport their required materials,
water, food a drugs etc. The researchers share the people and collect
information about the coping with the difficult time.
Methodology
The methodology of the data collection was
personal interview focus groups discussion and observation.
Concerned people
The people interviewed and concerned by the
research was rural community of the above stated area community composing of
aged men, aged women, middle aged women and middle aged men of the age between
18-80 years.
Planning
Before we start the research we have planned the
following:
1-
Special
questions based on the research
2-
The
people to be interviewed men & women and their ages.
3-
The
time and place of the interview
4-
And
the methodology of the interview
Data Collection
After the plan we have started the data collection
conducted in the form of personal interview and group discussion to get more information we were asking
the people the special question
based on the research which were:
1-
What
kind of kind of things you store to live it during the droughts?
2-
What
are the advantages of charcoal burning?
3-
Did
you plan your family income?
When we analyze the data collected we found the followings:
1-
What
kind of things you store to live it during the droughts?
Most of the people got difficulty for this
question and respond that they didnt store any thing because previously there
was high butter production because the livestock was better than now and the
land was better than now.
The land were having many wild fruits, Eating by
the people like Heli, Bircayo, Rooxo, Daray, Barde, Gob, Dhafarur etc. Also
there other trees to be stored for the livestock like Qobco and Dhimbil. Now
all these things are few or not found at all, others is found but not used and stored. These answer is agreed by
50 persons of the 70 persons interviewed.
2-
The
second question, which was: what are the advantages and disadvantages of the
charcoal burning?
All the people agree that
the charcoal burning have not advantages at all and it is disadvantage
include:-
1.
It
burns the livestock.
2.
Many
thorns piercing the human and the livestock
3.
Dying
of many living things in the trees.
4.
Burning
of the productive soil
5.
Environmental
degradation
3-
The
third question that was: did you make plan for your family income?
They mostly said yes, we plan it. The elders of
the family who is present the father or the mother, plan it.
There are many plans like movement of family is
planned by the father, resettling place is planed by the men specially the
father selling of the female livestock is planned by the mother, other family
requirements like buying the food, match, oil, soap etc is planned by the
mother.
The way expended the money is 20% water, 40% food,
10% small expenses, 10% clothing, 10% medicines.
Conclusion:
The research
show that most of the people did not store any thing for droughts, but
they sold their livestock that can be marketed at any time or they slaughter
the one having good meat. It is
also found that some of the things that they were storing before like butter,
some wild fruits and some people
drying the milk are not found at
the moment because of the droughts and the environmental degradation.
It
is also found that the people deeply felt the problems of charcoal burning. The
research also shows that the rural community plans their income and the father
and the mother make the plan. The mother participate the plan of selling female
livestock, milk and butter.
Division of the meat and food and its usage. The father plan the selling
of male livestock and the camel and mostly keep the money. When the father is
absent the mother fills the gap of the father and her position.
Most
of the people agreed that they use their income as follows:
1-
food
and water 70%
2-
clothing
10%
3-
medecine
10%
4-
other
expenses 10%
this
is the average of the peoples response.
Suggestion
We
are suggesting to give rural communities awareness raising programmers,
seminars and trainings in order to improve their living conditions, their
storage and their education.
Lessons
learned
We
learn lot about the coping mechanism of the difficult satiations, culture of
the rural community, walking distance which was new to us, how information can
be collected from the rural
community and how they themselves
share the information.
Future
research
We
are suggesting Horn relief to make future research for the storage of the rural
community and the problems of the charcoal burning.
Short note
We
have seen our observation that most of the people are showing malnourished and are
poor in clothing, caused by the drought and the environmental degradation.
The
researchers were the following:-
1-
Axmed
Mohmud Saciad head of the
research
2-
Saynab
Saciad Nuur
Assistant
3-
Saynab
Ali Hasan
4-
Mohamed
Mohmud Farah
Horn Relief Organization
Pastoral Youth Leadership
Camel Caravan research Report
______________________________________
Sub: research about how to
prepare for the droughts.
The
research is conducted in the area around El-Buh village of eastern Sanag living
by rural communities. Participants make the research were from Dhahar, Hingalol
and Elbuh schools of the net work of pastoral youth leadership (PYL). The
participants use camel to transport their requirements like food, water,
materials and human and animal drugs.
Methodology:
The
methodology of the data collection was personal interview, focus group
discussion and observation.
Concerned
people:
The
people interviewed and concerned by the research was the rural community in the
area around El-buh village in which their number was 60 persons composing of:
a)
Aged
men of the age between 55 to 80 years
b)
Aged
women of the age between 40 to 60 years
c)
Middle
men of age between 30 to 55 years
d)
And
middle aged women of the age between 25-50 years
Planning
Before
we start the research we planed the followings:
1-
The
people we will interview male and female, their age and their number.
2-
The
date and place of the interview.
3-
And
the questions to be asked for, which were:
A)
Is
there any ways that you prepare for the droughts?
B)
What
do you think is the reason of the long continues droughts?
C)
Are
there any signs that you can understand that drought is coming?
Data
collection
After
that we started to collect the people from the data about how to prepare for
the droughts. They give us many answers about the topic. And they mostly agreed that they did not prepare
for the droughts.
Data
collection
When
we analyzed the information collected we found the following:
30
of people of the 60 persons interviewed respond that when we are in the rainy
season and we are afraid of droughts we sold the male livestock and buy food
for.
50
of persons of the 60 people interviewed agreed that the reasons of prolonged
droughts are cutting and burning charcoal from the trees, cutting grasses and
the increase of the peoples sins.
The
third question which were: is there a signs that you can understand that
drought is coming? They said that they understand it to the
following: weakness of the livestock, strong winds, water reduce of the wells
and some stopped, the maso clump up the trees, when the star called Dirir are
seen in front of the moon it is understand that drought is coming. Reduction of
the rains or not found at the expected time.
Conclusion
After
analyzing the data of the research, we understand a lot about the preparedness
for droughts by the rural community.
Constraints:
The
constraints we met include some of the people refused to respond and others who
did not understand the research were refusing before we ask them question, but
we make them understand the research they respond. Thick larvae also bite us.
Lessons
learned:
We
learn lot the hard living condition of the rural community. We also learn how
to load the camels, how to slaughter sheep and goats, how to build up the
tents, how data are collected from the rural people and how they share the
information.
Suggestion:
We
are suggesting Horn Relief organization to publish information about the
preparation for the droughts to the rural community in order they to prepare
for the coming drugs. The rural community should be given an awareness rising
about how to prepare for the droughts like storage of food and water, isolating
land to be grazed by the livestock during the droughts.
Future
analyzes:
We
are suggesting future research to be made for the preparation for the droughts
in order extra information to be found.
Short
Note:
We
are here thanking to the teachers and the students from Dhahar, Hingalol and
El-buh villages for the best way they participate the research. This research
was the second conducted in eastern Sanag and we have succeeded every without
preparation.
The
research is made by:
1- Sahra Said Nur Jibrul
2- Faadumo Mohed Duale.